With the first warmth of spring, the Moscow region "hunters" for mushrooms go out into the local forests. Spring mushrooms in the Moscow region are rare, but in summer and spring it is easy to feed a whole company with one found family. Some lucky ones manage to harvest these amazing organisms even in winter, in the snow.
Honey mushrooms in the suburbs
Description of honey agarics
All year round honey mushrooms in the Moscow region delight with their presence in local forests and in summer cottages of local residents and visitors. They have their own characteristics. They do not like loneliness, therefore they grow in placers. Often found on fallen trees or stumps. They love places after a fire, trunks damaged by lightning.
Honey mushrooms belong to the Physalacrye family. In the process of growth, they form a ring-shaped bracelet-like shape with developing fruit bodies.
The hat of a young honey mushroom looks like a tiny light drop, from which a whole family quickly forms, occupying a large area on the tree.
The color varies from yellow to brown, depending on age.
General description of the mushroom:
- convex cap;
- the plates are frequent and white-gray;
- the leg is thin and flexible;
- height - up to 20 cm;
- leg diameter - no more than 1.5 cm.
The hat ceases to be convex with age. Its edges are leveled, the light spot on top becomes not so noticeable, the plates begin to darken. After a while, a brown-brown powder appears on them - spores.
Sometimes in the Moscow region there are honey mushrooms whose "growth" reaches 25-27 cm. It looks funny: a thin leg like a beach umbrella, in the central part of which there is a kind of "skirt", holds a hat up to 12 cm in diameter. Under the "skirt" »Small scales are visible, which appear only at an older age. The structure of the stem is fibrous. There are no nutrients in it and a lot of chitin, therefore, most often only caps are collected.
The pulp is slightly watery, loose. The cut does not change color. The aroma is strong, characteristic.
Kinds
Honey mushrooms in the Moscow region belong to 10 species out of 40 known around the world and which grow on the territory of the Russian Federation. Among them there are several especially popular and beloved by Muscovites.
Edible species
Almost all types in the Moscow region are suitable for various culinary uses. Edible and commonly found include:
- meadows;
- Uspensky mushrooms;
- hemp mushrooms;
- winter mushrooms;
- honey agarics.
“It is easier to find mushrooms in the Moscow region than to process them later,” say the locals. After the rains, the arboreal species appears in large groups on healthy trees. It is easy to knock them down with a stick to which a knife is tied.
A rare species of winter honey agarics for other regions is found with the onset of winter under the snow, on a cushion of old leaves, on old stumps that have absorbed moisture and retained the necessary heat. Their spherical caps are large, up to 15 cm in diameter. Light plates are infrequently located. The length of the leg is up to 9-10 cm. It is velvety to the touch, pleasant and dry in the young, in the old it is firm and tough. There is a lot of moisture in the pulp, which evaporates during the cooking process and the volume of the finished harvested winter crop decreases sharply.
Irina Selyutina (Biologist):
The season for collecting winter mushrooms or velvety-footed flammulina falls in autumn-spring. In winter, you can safely pick frozen mushrooms of this species, because after thawing, they restore their structure. Due to the presence of a small amount of unstable toxins in the pulp, flammulin must be pre-boiled for 20 minutes and only then cooked. These are mushrooms "for an amateur" - in boiled form they become slippery.
In Korea and Japan, industrial cultivation of winter mushrooms has been established on a substrate made of wheat straw or on moistened wood. However, self-breeding of this species stops the need to maintain a certain temperature regime.
By the way. In the fruit bodies of winter mushrooms, a substance was found that got its name according to the genus of the fungus - flammulin. It has the ability to prevent the formation of sarcoma.
Edible Uspensky mushrooms got their name from the Christian feast of the same name of the Assumption of the Holy Mother of God. These days, a massive collection of mushroom data begins. In warm autumn, it lasts until November. The difference between Uspensky mushrooms is in a yellowish or brown leg, which will grow up to 10 cm in length. A bulge is noticeable on the surface of the cap, from below it has often located plates. A thin "skirt" is visible on the leg, which becomes thinner over time and breaks into several parts.
Several varieties of honey agarics grow in the forests
Meadows are often found on garden and dacha estates, in May, in the first grass, in open, illuminated spaces in summer, in ditches on the roadsides and pastures closer to autumn. This mushroom belongs to the Negniyuchkovye family. The size of the cap of the marasmius (the second name of the meadow) is up to 5 cm. Its surface is smooth and dry. A tubercle is visible in the central part. The edge is thin and uneven. After the rain, the cap becomes covered with a film that looks like sticky mucus. The aroma and taste of the pulp is uncharacteristic for honey agarics - almond, not strong. At a break, the color of the pulp does not change. The plates are rarely located, their color is cream in dry weather. The leg is in the form of a cone or cylinder, with a bend at the bottom. The surface is velvety. The harvest time for meadows is from May to late October.
Inedible and poisonous species
In the Moscow region, there are mushrooms that are not edible or poisonous, which are often confused with the edible original. These include:
- false mushroom;
- death cap.
The ingestion of such specimens in food is fatal. Most often, poisoning occurs due to the pale toadstool, the toxins of which are so poisonous that they can penetrate the skin into the blood of a person after a simple touch of the surface of the cap.
False mushrooms "headlong" are given by bluish spores and a yellow hat. On the leg, they do not have scales characteristic of an edible species. Their poisoning is not fatal, but unpleasant, with vomiting, diarrhea and fever.
Mushroom places of Moscow region
To search for honey agarics in the Moscow region, the Kazan direction is suitable. 5 km from the villages of Konyashino and Minino, many honey agarics, boletus and aspen mushrooms grow in the forest. Mushroom spots are found along the railway, near the Kuzyaevo station.
Near the village of Stepankovo, in the forest, boletus, honey agarics and wavelets grow. The forest area behind the Pushkino station has long been famous for its mushroom sites. To get some autumn honey agarics, it is better to drive to the Ashukinskaya station and walk another 2 km forward, going deep into the thicket.
In windbreaks near the villages of Novovoronino, Maptyankovo and the village of Golygino, large harvests of all types of honey agarics are gaining. Last year they went to the area in May.
Near Gremyachy waterfall, the climate is humid and relatively warm, so honey mushrooms grow here all season.
Fans of mushroom picking should take a walk further from the 43rd km platform, along the Vyazya River, to the village of Eldigino and the village of Darino. There are good mushroom growing spots for honey agarics, boletus, boletus and boletus.
Mushroom pickers gather no less buckets of honey agarics, moving from the Berezki Dachnye station towards the forest.
The Gorky direction does not lag behind in terms of the number of harvests. To get more, take the train to the Fryazevo station and walk another 2.5 km eastward to the village of Golenishchevo or the village of Dulepovo.
The Paveletskoye direction is also a good option. From the station "White Pillars" go towards the village of Shebantsevo, about 3 km, to collect more than one basket of honey agarics. There are good mushroom spots near the villages of Uvarovo and Yusupovo, which are located along the Severka River.
"The edge of honey agaric" - this is how the mixed forest near the village of Elino, near the station "Firsanovka" is rightfully called.
For a winter view of honey agarics, it is better to go to the city of Serpukhov, the town of Kubinka, the city of Zagorsk, the village of Dmitrovo or to the "Lapinsky forest", which is located in the Serebryano-Prudsky district of the village of Uzunovo. Reddish caps will be visible from afar.
Autumn mushrooms of the Moscow region went en masse! July 2019.
EXPERIENCE ATTACK MOSCOW REGION 2019. BASKET AND BACKPACK OF MUSHROOMS IN EASY!
AUTUMN EXPERIENCES GO MASSIC | MUSHROOMS IN THE MOSCOW REGION 2019 | THE INVASION OF AUTUMN AGAINST !!!
Conclusion
Honey mushrooms are no worse than other forest delicacies. They are good in salted and pickled form, delicious fried with onions or as a cold snack. In order for a trip to the forest for amazing forest gifts to bring only pleasure, it is important to prepare well for it and observe the correct recipe for cooking the harvested crop.